Horthy Miklos bust
The art piece is a bust under the porch of a church, sculpted by Béla Domonkos in 1993. She obtained a degree in art in 1966 and later on she obtained a master’s degree.
Biography
Admiral Miklos Horthy, man of power in Hungary, was born on the 18th of June, 1868 in Kenderes and he died in Estoril on the 9th of February, 1957.
Between 1920 and 1944, he was the Regent of the Hungarian Kingdom which left a really contovertial mark. Indeed, it is under his power that the first anti-Jew law in Europe was voted: a law imposing a numerus clausus in universities was passed in 1920.
Another important fact about his mandate is the alliance with the Hitlerian political system in 1930.
Following the 1938 Anschluss, Germany, almost a neigbhour of Hungary, required that Hungarian politics must follow the one in place in Germany. Daranyi's government, under Horthy's supervision and guidance, fullfilled the order and announced an anti-Jews law. A second one followed in 1939, and a third in 1941 (as a sign of recognition, Hungary won back, during the Vienna arbitrages, some territories lost after the Trianon treaty in 1919).
But the worst was yet to come... In March 1944, the nazi troops invaded Hungary. The Hungarian administration organized the despoilment of Jewish goods, as well as the placement of Jews in closed areas called ghettos, executed by the police, and the deportations started. Approximatively 435,000 Jews were deported and sent to concentration camps, mostly found in Germany and Poland, between the 15th of May and the 8th of July 1944, right when Horthy ordered to stop everything - but it was already too late.
In October 1944, the terrible Ferenc Szálasi, head of the Nazi Hungarian party, took Horthy's place after he was chased by the Nazis. After the war, Horthy decided to flee to Portugal, where he died in 1957.
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